Author Archives: vhk10

the sale of a scanner

I was sad to learn last week that Southampton University had sold its robotic book scanner in 2009, as about a decade ago I played a part in its original purchase. There’s actually quite a lot online about the reasons for the decision, in case studies and the like, although I haven’t been able to find out who bought the scanner from Southampton.

I’ll concentrate on one of the reasons for the decision, the cost of servicing and repairs to the scanner, which were said to be running at £25,000 a year. This must have been quite a burden on the university and the library, but it does sound a large sum for one piece of equipment. It raised the following questions in my mind:

  • was most of this spent on servicing? (in which case I wonder whether the servicing company charged over the odds)
  • or was most of it spent on repairs? (in which case perhaps the machine was basically defective)
  • how much are others with comparable scanners paying on servicing and repairs?
  • in particular, how much did whoever bought the scanner have to spend on servicing and repairing it?

Beyond this, there is a further issue of how well our funding models suit the purchase of equipment which is useful to the UK university domain as a whole, but costly to maintain and for which there is insufficient demand within any single institution.  Are UK universities to manage without such equipment because no one institution wants the problems of housing it?

Digital Humanities Congress, Sheffield 6-8 September 2012

This was called ‘The Digital Humanities Congress’ but it is hoped that more will follow.

I attended on behalf of the data.bris project (and worked in a reference to it into one of my questions) and accordingly made a point of attending talks that dealt with research data management. It was unfortunate that the talk on ‘Digital Curator Vocational Education’ (DigCurV), part of a session on ‘Developing Infrastructure and Policy for Digital Research’, clashed head-on with ‘KAPTUR: Examining the importance and effective management of research data in the visual arts’. Beyond this session, there was little specifically on research data management, but the need for it was evident from the frequent references to datasets of a variety of types.

On a more personal note, I was sorry that there weren’t many talks relating to the ancient world, as there’s lots going on in that area. (I missed one because of a clash with another strand of interest.) I did follow geographically-related threads, and it was interesting to see ideas developed in the presentation and analysis of Census data coming through into the humanities, and indeed see Census data used in conjunction with humanities-related data. Its relevance to social historians in any case puts it in the humanities domain.

There was a lively Twitter feed #dhcshef attached to the conference, and we were encouraged to write our Twitter handles on our name badges so that we could be matched.  This enabled, for example, Graeme Earl from Southampton to find and talk to me.  I had plenty of opportunities for conversation as most people attended in ones and twos rather than in a pack.  It was however sometimes frustrating that a speaker gave an interesting talk and then left the conference, so that you couldn’t collar them and ask them further about their work.

It was a packed programme and I found it hard to choose between different sessions.  In fact at one point I hopped between two different sessions in order to hear what interested me most.  As they all in adjacent rooms, quite a few delegates did this.

I won’t go through all the talks I attended but I’ll single out a few representatives.

  • Andrew Prescott, plenary, Industrial perspectives on the Digital Humanities. On the disjunction between the timing of techological advances and the resulting large-scale differences to people’s lives, with reference to Sheffield. Interesting – not sure I really trust someone who thinks the tutorial system of education should be abolished though!
  •  A team from Södertörn University, Sweden on data journalism – using crowdsourcing to cover real-life Scandinavian crime
  • Christopher Dingle/Laura Hamer: False Memories and Dissonant Truths – looking at classical music in the Times, both for amount of coverage and vocabulary (e.g. that applied to female performers and composers) and considering the practical problems of using the digitised Times as a source, such as variant editions.
  • Karina Rodriguez-Echavarria et al. Using GIS on British designers. Glad I room-hopped to catch this one. About mapping locations of addresses in recent British design yearbooks – how London-centred is design? The Census technique of ‘blurring’ was suggested in discussion to protect identification of individuals.
  • Jonathan Blaney, The Citation Problem in the Digital Humanities On the history of citation, and how URIs need be no more cryptic than many citation styles used in the past. Despite his republicanism, he held up the Royal Family’s website as exemplary in this respect.
  • Paul Rayson, Alistair Baron, Andrew Hardie, Which ‘Lancaster’ do you mean? On the practical problems disambiguating placenames (and identifiying words as placenames rather than e.g. personal names) using e.g. the Edinburgh geoparser that was tried on BOPCRIS. They’ve got this working nicely for single-word names, but some way to go with multiword names, such as the Somerset villages which someone once said sounded like lawyers from American mini-series
  • Lorna Hughes, Impact and sustainability of digital collections in the humanities. (plenary) On the history of the National Library of Wales and what it was doing about outreach to the community.
  • Ann Gow , Laura Molloy (Glasgow), Digital Curator Vocational Education. On training people in cultural heritage sector in data preservation and curation, as part of a large European consortium, DigiCurV. Including a Monopoly-style game! Clearly some overlap with Digital Preservation Coalition, DCC and they were aware of this, also relevance to data.bris. Their next stage is going into organistions and drawing up RDMPs. In discussion, it was revealed that in Sheffield a lot of research data wasn’t being managed well because it was created outside funded projects.
  • Genovefa Kefalidou, Bryn Alexander Coles, Crowd-sourcing our cultural heritage. About recording the reactions of visitors to a Greek archaeological site, obtaining the data by getting them to keep an audio-diary during their visit. My favourite of all the presentations, not only because of its ancient Greek subject matter but also because of the impressive ease with which the two speakers repeatedly took over from one another, without gaps or both talking at once.
  • Melissa Terras, Steven Gray, Building Textal. Putting text-analysis software onto a mobile phone app, and getting UCL’s enterprise office to sort out where profits went if it takes off. More techie than many of the other talks, ending with the provocative assertion (in this company) that ‘XML is dead’

Some things featured less than I expected. For example, there was little mention of Linked Data and the Semantic Web, and I had the impression that many speakers were relatively new to computing in the humanities and weren’t yet fully aware of what it could offer, particularly when different datasets are combined. Also that those who were mapping data geographically were still getting to grips with (for example) the potentially misleading aspects of choropleth maps. However, for my own part I learnt a lot about the power and potential of corpus linguistics, another repeated theme.

It was also made clear more than once that a computing humanist could do much more if teamed with a developer with appropriate skills.  This was for example apparent in Melissa Terras/Steven Gray’s presentation on their new iPhone app, Textal. I found myself at times longing for more technical detail on the projects being presented!

There was also a lot of interest in website design and how to get vistors to return or stay longer. Europeana was cited as an example of a site with lots of wonderful stuff but which was frustrating to navigate.

The only R&D/ILRT site to be mentioned in a talk I went to was BOPCRIS 😎 (!), but people were interesting in NatureLocator (the press release about extending this to invasive plant species was well timed) and the crowdsourcing aspect of Visualising China. The e-cards in Hidden Lives Revealed were also thought to be a useful way to raise awareness of a site with a large number of interesting images.

Conference website: http://www.shef.ac.uk/hri/dhc2012

What I’d have done about Olympic tickets

Like many people I had the frustration of trying to buy Olympic tickets (remember, I’m a tennis fan!) in the days leading up to the Games, only to find that tickets had been sold by the time I’d got through the application procedure.  The whole ticketing procedure was a mess – we inadvertently disqualified ourselves from some of the early rounds (which were on sale only to the ticketless) by having bought tickets for the football, which was so undersubscribed we could have walked up and bought them on the gate on the day.

But above all there was the frustration of seeing banks of empty seats at events I’d have loved to attend, representing tickets allocated to sponsors etc. and not used. May I suggest for Rio 2016 the following procedure?

Give sponsors and the other ‘Olympic family’ not actual tickets, but a voucher which the recipient (the person going to the Games) has to exchange for a real ticket by a given date, say 6 weeks before the Games begin.  Tickets corresponding to vouchers which have not been converted in this way by the deadline go on sale to the public.  Of course setting up the mechanism for converting vouchers to tickets costs money, but some of that at least would be recouped by the sale of the unconverted tickets which would otherwise have been unused.  And there is value in having pictures of full stadia, swimming pools and other venues to beam around the world on TV, rather than embarrassingly unfilled areas.

While I’m on the subject, there was the usual mess with modern pentathlon, where it makes a huge amount of difference how well an athlete gets on with a horse they have just ridden for the first time.  I’ve nothing against equestrian events in the Games, but this much randomness is farcical. Why not make the modern pentathlon really modern and have the competitors race cars or do karting (say), rather than ride a horse?

Wimba style

I’ve been editing a Word document which we are then going to convert into a set of slides using Wimba Create.  A little way in, I started to feel that there was too much use of abbreviations such as etc., e.g. and i.e. – I then remembered that this text was destined to be displayed on a slide and so writing things out in full would result in something that was too wordy.  After that I restrained the urge to expand abbreviations.

But it was quite hard to exercise this restraint, because of the visual mismatch between the format of a Word document and the style required for something that is going to appear as slides. I wouldn’t have had a problem with editing the same text presented to me as slides.  This is a problem with the Wimba approach, where you create your slideshow as a Word document, and apply particular styles which tell Wimba where to put slide breaks and so on.

Why smartphones are like Colman’s Mustard

It used to be said that Colman’s Mustard made their money not from the mustard that people consumed, but from what they took from the jar and left on the side of their plate.  After a few months of using a Samsung Galaxy Ace, I’m beginning to think that the makers of some mobile phones work in a rather similar way.  If I get an answerphone message because I miss a call, I have to ring up and collect it.  I try to keep such calls short by knowing which keypad numbers play and delete messages and typing them as soon as I can.  But there’s often an awkward gap at the end, especially if my phone has locked itself in the meantime, so I must type a password and then ‘pull down’ a special screen to end the call. 

Sent from my laptop

I’ve noticed an increasing number of messages arriving with ‘Sent from my Blackberry/iPad/iPhone/HTC’ or similar at the end.

Now I think I know what the official purpose of these tags is.  It’s to explain to the reader why the message may be lacking the usual signature, and be terser than usual, without a salutation or other padding, and to excuse typos.  But let’s face it, part of the point is to crow ‘I’ve got an iPhone (or whatever) – bet you haven’t!’  It’s a bit like the ‘Baby on board’ stickers on cars.  Of course, there’s nothing to stop you putting one of these tags at the end of a message if you don’t have the equipment in question but would like people to think you did.  (Just be prepared for them to ask to see it next time you meet!)

Archiving the room lists

I’m involved in a project for training support staff to deal with non-research data, and it reminded me of something that happened a few years ago.  I was at a college reunion dinner, and the head of the college remarked that while they used to have a record of which student had been in which room in a given year, that information was now lost ‘because we now computerise the room lists’.

Now why should computerisation mean that this information was lost?  Why not save the room list each year on to a spreadsheet or text file which could be archived for posterity?  And/or print out the list in hard copy and archive it along the room lists from earlier years?  Of course this means adding another stage to the process.  When the list was on paper there was a physical object to be dealt with, and the procedure at the end of the year was to send it to the College archive.  A computerised list can be all too easily deleted when no longer of immediate use, and a new procedure is needed to make sure that it is archived at the end of the year.  But it’s hardly much of a burden to do this – just a question of introducing this into the routine of staff at the college.

Why do it at all?  Not just so that nostalgic students can occupy their old rooms when they return for reunions.  Future historians might be interested for example in how r0oms were allocated to women (at first) and  chosen by women (later).  I was at the college soon after women arrived and we knew what principles were applied, but that memory could be lost over time.  Or the information might be of interest to a future biographer of someone at the college.  What view did they have from their window when they were writing this poem?  Who were their neighbours?

IPR and Digital Preservation, Bristol 21 November 2011

The ins and outs of intellectual property rights and related law are not something I’m familiar with, so I had quite a learning curve at this day event, organised by the Digital Preservation Coalition and JISC Digital Media at Bristol University’s Wills Hall.

I was pleased to see Andrew Charlesworth down to speak, as he has the ability to make even dry subjects entertaining. He divided the problems we face into three types. The first was a recurring theme of the day: FUD=fear, uncertainty and doubt, which make people uncertain about what is and isn’t permitted, and unwilling to take risks.  Secondly, as a lawyer he was unhappy with current legislation which (for example) defines ‘public records’ differently in Scotland, and is unclear about technical protection measures (another recurring theme) and IPR as it applies to software. The third area concerned administration: who has what responsibility, how can metadata be made to ‘stick’ and what are the implications of (for example) migrating data to new formats?

Next, Chris Hilton of the Wellcome Library, on day release from jury service, gave a case study of depositing and licensing.  As the Library cannot compel people to donate to it, it must retain the confidence of depositors: ‘Trust is our brand’. He raised some issues with the depositing of items, in particular that of proliferating copies and what exactly does the Library own?  (His view is that it is a ‘Platonic Form’ of the item deposited, rather than any particular instance of it).  He felt the Library was moving towards a purchase model, and raised the issue of ’emotional ownership’, where someone other than the owner has a close interest in an object (the example given being notes taken by Churchill’s doctor – rather apt since Churchill opened the Wills Hall).

The second case study was given by David Anderson from Portsmouth University, about their KEEP project. He pointed out the impracticalities if EU directives are kept to the letter, and the implications of various specific exceptions which are allowed to them.  Technical protection measures were mentioned again, this time as something worth preserving in their own right, but also because the law relating to their circumvention differs in different places.  He raised several problem cases for IPR, such as a computer game produced for the 2012 Olympics which contains corporate logos.

Finally before lunch we were divided into groups and asked to discuss problems of copyright infringement as applied to a hypothetical project ‘Integrated Image Collections’; it was generally agreed that this project would be a minefield of them!

After lunch Barbara Kolany of Münster University talked about escrow agreements relating to digital materials and software, and in particular the issue of what happens if the licensor becomes insolvent.  In Austria and Germany this may mean that the licensee can lose their rights.  This led to a general discussion about escrow and how it works or could work in practice as a model for licensing digital objects or software.

Jason Miles Campbell of JISC Legal talked briskly about some other emerging trends.  He identified two areas where action was clearly needed: a policy on the ever-increasing number of orphan works, and a distinction between preservation and re-use.

Finally, there was a panel session and open discussion.  Themes which had recurred during the day such as FUD (and attendant risk aversion), obtaining the trust of depositors, technical protection measures, sticky metadata and the emotional ownership of an object were reprised.

The talks at this event were all thought-provoking and informative, so it was a day well spent.

farewell to cyber-

A couple of weeks ago I visited a website I occasionally use, CyberHymnal and reflected that you hear a lot less of the cyber- prefix these days.  It’s essentially a 1990s usage (CyberHymnal was started in 1996), and has dated in the new millennium.  For many the term ‘Internet’ has taken over the semantic area that ‘cyberspace’ used to denote, and the prefix has not thrived independently of the word which gave it birth.

As a classicist, I’m not terribly sorry about the loss of this, as it was always annoying that the root kubern- meaning ‘to guide’ had lost its final letter.  Perhaps we just don’t think of computer-mediated activity as being purposive and directed any more, or more likely the prefix has just fallen out of fashion.

I will leave this subject with fond memories of another ‘cyber-‘ institution of the 1990s (and still in existence), Cybersitter, a package for censoring undesirable content from computer screens.  When implemented at one public library, it caused much merriment as it zealously ignored word boundaries in its eagerness to obliterate the rude words on its list.  I was told that a phrase on one of my pages now read ‘StockporX XXXelf’, for example.  Cybersitter was discontinued after one enquirer found themselves looking at the page of Her Majesty’s CustomX & XXcise …

Proactis wishlist

Recently we started using Proactis for submitting expense claims and invoicing. There are a number of comments I could make about Proactis’ performance (for example that expense claims seem to take longer than they used to to process), but for now I’ll confine myself to its Web interface and a few things that have struck me as I’ve started using it, mostly in regard to terminology.

The terms used on the Web forms are not those used in emails to Proactis users.  For example ‘EL2 activity code’ in an email = ‘Completer’s Budget Check’ on the form, ‘EL1’ or ‘Element Code’= ‘Charge to Grant no.’  Sometimes I wonder whether Proactis should be added to our modern language courses.  At least it should be possible to read an email in conjunction with a form on screen and see what the email refers to. Either the staff who deal with processing Proactis submissions should be trained to use the terminology on the form, or the terms used by these staff should appear on the form (in brackets or failing that in an online help field linked from the form).  I’ve been referred to the training documentation, and while this may be useful it isn’t directly linked from Proactis forms, and one shouldn’t need a separate document to ‘translate’ emails into the terminology used on the forms.

‘Nominal code’  This field appears when you submit a claim, but does not appear as such when you review it.  A vaguer term would be hard to find; the only clue is that it should refer to a name somehow.  It’s actually a top-level way of referring to your department or section.  A particularly irritating feature is that it is impossible to change one’s default nominal code so I have to alter the default in the same way on each and every claim I make.

Very hard to edit the ‘comments’ for an expense item If I wish to do this, the only way to change the comment is to delete it and replace it. Although it appears possible to make changes in the comment box, the changes aren’t saved. Worse, it is possible to think your changes have gone through when they haven’t.

‘Awaiting coding’ Alongside a claim, this means that a claim has been received but hasn’t been processed yet.  The wording suggests that the next action should be on the part of someone processing the claim, but it can mean that your receipts haven’t arrived yet and so it is up to the claimant to investigate. No prompt is sent to the claimant to ask them to do this. One claim of mine was stuck for weeks until I found this out.

Add Multiple Expense Items These words appear when you add an item to an expense claim. There are various things this could mean, but none of them are what actually happens when you select the words, which is that you go to another screen where you are asked to submit details of the item you’ve just added.

Searching for claims It’s not clear that you can leave all fields in the search form blank and retrieve all your claims.

Deleting a claim If you mess up a claim and have to restart it, it is not obvious how you delete the rejected or draft claims, so they pile up. [Sep 2012 – the term you want is ‘cancel’, although that to me implies withdrawing something you have submitted, which is not the case with draft claims]

What is a link? Many words in the interface are hyperlinked, but these links are not made into buttons or emphasised by being a distinctive colour so it is hard to tell at a glance where they are (they tend to have little symbols beside them instead).

Keeping a record You can view claims that have been rejected or are in the pipeline, but you can’t use a claim that has been previously accepted as a model for a new one.  It disappears from the system completely. This means that when you make a new claim you have no record of the codes you had to work out last time, and you have to work them out again.[Sep 2012: There is a box ‘ignore paid claims’ which is ticked by default. Not sure if it has always been there. I would rather it weren’t ticked by default but you can’t change this. There’s also small pull-down menu to get all archived claims included, which is easy to overlook.]

Editing a previous claim Having recovered your claim, you hang on for dear life to your staff number and that mysterious ‘nominal code’ and try to change the details of the claim. I have not yet found out how to add items to the claim, only to delete or edit them, so let’s hope that you don’t have more things to claim for than before. Nor can you change the unit cost of an expense item or the receipt number. Nor can you delete comments, so your comments on the previous claim are still there, to mislead the person processing it.

Proactis should only be used in Internet Explorer The user is greeted with this message on the Proactis home page. Grow up! Web software needs to work with all major browsers. Not doing so potentially discriminates against disabled users who may rely on a version of Firefox or some other browser which has been customised for accessibility. It’s particularly ironic at Bristol University, where the officially supported browser is Google Chrome.

Proactis is joining that select group of services (my former account at the NatWest Bank branch in Manchester Precinct centre is another) which actually seem to get things wrong more than they get them right. However, the word on the ground now (April 2013) is that its days are numbered.